Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1 vs. Nikon D3000

Comparison

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Lumix DMC-G1 image
vs
D3000 image
Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1 Nikon D3000
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Megapixels
12.10
10.20
Max. image resolution
4000 x 3000
3872 x 2592

Sensor

Sensor type
CMOS
CCD
Sensor size
Four Thirds (17.3 x 13 mm)
23.6 x 15.8 mm
Sensor resolution
4011 x 3016
3898 x 2616
Diagonal
21.64 mm
28.40 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1 : 1.66
(ratio)
Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1 Nikon D3000
Surface area:
224.90 mm² vs 372.88 mm²
Difference: 147.98 mm² (66%)
D3000 sensor is approx. 1.66x bigger than G1 sensor.
Pixel pitch
4.31 µm
6.05 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 1.74 µm (40%)
Pixel pitch of D3000 is approx. 40% higher than pixel pitch of G1.
Pixel area
18.58 µm²
36.6 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 18.02 µm² (97%)
A pixel on Nikon D3000 sensor is approx. 97% bigger than a pixel on Panasonic G1.
Pixel density
5.38 MP/cm²
2.73 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 2.65 µm (97%)
Panasonic G1 has approx. 97% higher pixel density than Nikon D3000.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Panasonic G1
Nikon D3000
Crop factor
2
1.52
Total megapixels
13.10
10.75
Effective megapixels
12.10
10.20
Optical zoom
Digital zoom
Yes
No
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200
Auto, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, (plus 3200 with boost)
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
Macro focus range
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
n/a
n/a
Metering
Centre weighted, Intelligent Multiple, Spot
3D Matrix metering II, Center weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
Bulb+60 sec
30 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/4000 sec
1/4000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Electronic
Optical (pentamirror)
White balance presets
7
12
Screen size
3"
3"
Screen resolution
460,000 dots
230,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
Storage types
MultiMedia, SDHC, Secure Digital
SDHC, Secure Digital
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
Lithium-Ion rechargeable battery
Lithium-Ion EN-EL9a rechargeable battery
Weight
385 g
536 g
Dimensions
124 x 83.6 x 45.2 mm
126 x 97 x 64 mm
Year
2008
2009




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Panasonic G1 diagonal

w = 17.30 mm
h = 13.00 mm
Diagonal =  17.30² + 13.00²   = 21.64 mm

Nikon D3000 diagonal

w = 23.60 mm
h = 15.80 mm
Diagonal =  23.60² + 15.80²   = 28.40 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

G1 sensor area

Width = 17.30 mm
Height = 13.00 mm

Surface area = 17.30 × 13.00 = 224.90 mm²

D3000 sensor area

Width = 23.60 mm
Height = 15.80 mm

Surface area = 23.60 × 15.80 = 372.88 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

G1 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 17.30 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4011 pixels
Pixel pitch =   17.30  × 1000  = 4.31 µm
4011

D3000 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 23.60 mm
Sensor resolution width = 3898 pixels
Pixel pitch =   23.60  × 1000  = 6.05 µm
3898


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

G1 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 4.31 µm

Pixel area = 4.31² = 18.58 µm²

D3000 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 6.05 µm

Pixel area = 6.05² = 36.6 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

G1 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4011 pixels
Sensor width = 1.73 cm

Pixel density = (4011 / 1.73)² / 1000000 = 5.38 MP/cm²

D3000 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 3898 pixels
Sensor width = 2.36 cm

Pixel density = (3898 / 2.36)² / 1000000 = 2.73 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

G1 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 17.30 mm
Sensor height = 13.00 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.10
r = 17.30/13.00 = 1.33
X =  12.10 × 1000000  = 3016
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3016 × 1.33 = 4011
Resolution vertical: X = 3016

Sensor resolution = 4011 x 3016

D3000 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 23.60 mm
Sensor height = 15.80 mm
Effective megapixels = 10.20
r = 23.60/15.80 = 1.49
X =  10.20 × 1000000  = 2616
1.49
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2616 × 1.49 = 3898
Resolution vertical: X = 2616

Sensor resolution = 3898 x 2616


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


G1 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 21.64 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 2
21.64

D3000 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 28.40 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1.52
28.40

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

G1 equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Panasonic G1, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Crop factor for Panasonic G1 is 2

D3000 equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Nikon D3000, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Crop factor for Nikon D3000 is 1.52

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