Canon Digital IXUS 40 vs. Casio Exilim EX-FH20

Comparison

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Digital IXUS 40 image
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Exilim EX-FH20 image
Canon Digital IXUS 40 Casio Exilim EX-FH20
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Megapixels
3.90
9.10
Max. image resolution
2272 x 1704
3456 x 2592

Sensor

Sensor type
CCD
CMOS
Sensor size
1/2.5" (~ 5.75 x 4.32 mm)
1/2.3" (~ 6.16 x 4.62 mm)
Sensor resolution
2277 x 1712
3479 x 2616
Diagonal
7.19 mm
7.70 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1 : 1.15
(ratio)
Canon Digital IXUS 40 Casio Exilim EX-FH20
Surface area:
24.84 mm² vs 28.46 mm²
Difference: 3.62 mm² (15%)
FH20 sensor is approx. 1.15x bigger than IXUS 40 sensor.
Note: You are comparing cameras of different generations. There is a 4 year gap between Canon IXUS 40 (2004) and Casio FH20 (2008). All things being equal, newer sensor generations generally outperform the older.
Pixel pitch
2.53 µm
1.77 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0.76 µm (43%)
Pixel pitch of IXUS 40 is approx. 43% higher than pixel pitch of FH20.
Pixel area
6.4 µm²
3.13 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 3.27 µm² (104%)
A pixel on Canon IXUS 40 sensor is approx. 104% bigger than a pixel on Casio FH20.
Pixel density
15.68 MP/cm²
31.9 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 16.22 µm (103%)
Casio FH20 has approx. 103% higher pixel density than Canon IXUS 40.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Canon IXUS 40
Casio FH20
Crop factor
6.02
5.62
Total megapixels
4.10
10.30
Effective megapixels
3.90
9.10
Optical zoom
3x
20x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 50, 100, 200, 400
Auto, 64, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
50 cm
50 cm
Macro focus range
3 cm
12 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
35 - 105 mm
26 - 520 mm
Aperture priority
No
Yes
Max. aperture
f2.8 - f4.9
f2.8 - f4.5
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
f16.9 - f29.5
f15.7 - f25.3
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Centre weighted, Multi-pattern, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
No
Yes
Min. shutter speed
15 sec
1 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/1500 sec
1/2000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Optical (tunnel)
Electronic
White balance presets
5
6
Screen size
2"
3"
Screen resolution
118,000 dots
230,400 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
Storage types
SD card
SDHC, Secure Digital
USB
USB 1.0
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
Lithium-Ion NB-4L battery
AA (4) batteries (NiMH recommended)
Weight
147 g
483 g
Dimensions
86 x 54 x 21 mm
123 x 81 x 85 mm
Year
2004
2008




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Canon IXUS 40 diagonal

The diagonal of IXUS 40 sensor is not 1/2.5 or 0.4" (10.2 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 7.19 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 5.75 mm
h = 4.32 mm
Diagonal =  5.75² + 4.32²   = 7.19 mm

Casio FH20 diagonal

The diagonal of FH20 sensor is not 1/2.3 or 0.43" (11 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 7.7 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 6.16 mm
h = 4.62 mm
Diagonal =  6.16² + 4.62²   = 7.70 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

IXUS 40 sensor area

Width = 5.75 mm
Height = 4.32 mm

Surface area = 5.75 × 4.32 = 24.84 mm²

FH20 sensor area

Width = 6.16 mm
Height = 4.62 mm

Surface area = 6.16 × 4.62 = 28.46 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

IXUS 40 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 5.75 mm
Sensor resolution width = 2277 pixels
Pixel pitch =   5.75  × 1000  = 2.53 µm
2277

FH20 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor resolution width = 3479 pixels
Pixel pitch =   6.16  × 1000  = 1.77 µm
3479


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

IXUS 40 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 2.53 µm

Pixel area = 2.53² = 6.4 µm²

FH20 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.77 µm

Pixel area = 1.77² = 3.13 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

IXUS 40 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 2277 pixels
Sensor width = 0.575 cm

Pixel density = (2277 / 0.575)² / 1000000 = 15.68 MP/cm²

FH20 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 3479 pixels
Sensor width = 0.616 cm

Pixel density = (3479 / 0.616)² / 1000000 = 31.9 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

IXUS 40 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 5.75 mm
Sensor height = 4.32 mm
Effective megapixels = 3.90
r = 5.75/4.32 = 1.33
X =  3.90 × 1000000  = 1712
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 1712 × 1.33 = 2277
Resolution vertical: X = 1712

Sensor resolution = 2277 x 1712

FH20 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor height = 4.62 mm
Effective megapixels = 9.10
r = 6.16/4.62 = 1.33
X =  9.10 × 1000000  = 2616
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2616 × 1.33 = 3479
Resolution vertical: X = 2616

Sensor resolution = 3479 x 2616


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


IXUS 40 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 7.19 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 6.02
7.19

FH20 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 7.70 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 5.62
7.70

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

IXUS 40 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 6.02
Aperture = f2.8 - f4.9

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.8 - f4.9) × 6.02 = f16.9 - f29.5

FH20 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 5.62
Aperture = f2.8 - f4.5

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.8 - f4.5) × 5.62 = f15.7 - f25.3

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