Canon EOS M10 vs. Canon PowerShot G1 X Mark II

Comparison

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EOS M10 image
vs
PowerShot G1 X Mark II image
Canon EOS M10 Canon PowerShot G1 X Mark II
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Megapixels
18.00
12.80
Max. image resolution
5184 x 3456
4160 x 3120

Sensor

Sensor type
CMOS
CMOS
Sensor size
22.3 x 14.9 mm
1.5" (~ 18.7 x 14 mm)
Sensor resolution
5196 x 3464
4142 x 3091
Diagonal
26.82 mm
23.36 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1.27 : 1
(ratio)
Canon EOS M10 Canon PowerShot G1 X Mark II
Surface area:
332.27 mm² vs 261.80 mm²
Difference: 70.47 mm² (27%)
M10 sensor is approx. 1.27x bigger than G1 X Mark II sensor.
Pixel pitch
4.29 µm
4.51 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0.22 µm (5%)
Pixel pitch of G1 X Mark II is approx. 5% higher than pixel pitch of M10.
Pixel area
18.4 µm²
20.34 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 1.94 µm² (11%)
A pixel on Canon G1 X Mark II sensor is approx. 11% bigger than a pixel on Canon M10.
Pixel density
5.43 MP/cm²
4.91 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 0.52 µm (11%)
Canon M10 has approx. 11% higher pixel density than Canon G1 X Mark II.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Canon M10
Canon G1 X Mark II
Crop factor
1.61
1.85
Total megapixels
18.50
15.00
Effective megapixels
18.00
12.80
Optical zoom
5x
Digital zoom
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100-12800 (expandable to 25600)
Auto, 100-12800
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
5 cm
Macro focus range
5 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
24 - 120 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f2.0 - f3.9
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
n/a
f3.7 - f7.2
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot, Partial
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
30 sec
60 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/4000 sec
1/4000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
None
Electronic (optional)
White balance presets
6
8
Screen size
3"
3"
Screen resolution
1,040,000 dots
1,040,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
1920x1080 (30p/25p/24p)
1920x1080 (30p)
Storage types
SD/SDHC/SDXC
SD/SDHC/SDXC
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
LP-E12 lithium-ion battery
Battery Pack NB-12L
Weight
301 g
553 g
Dimensions
108 x 66.6 x 35 mm
116.3 x 74.0 x 66.2 mm
Year
2015
2014




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Canon M10 diagonal

w = 22.30 mm
h = 14.90 mm
Diagonal =  22.30² + 14.90²   = 26.82 mm

Canon G1 X Mark II diagonal

The diagonal of G1 X Mark II sensor is not 1.5" (38.1 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 23.36 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 18.70 mm
h = 14.00 mm
Diagonal =  18.70² + 14.00²   = 23.36 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

M10 sensor area

Width = 22.30 mm
Height = 14.90 mm

Surface area = 22.30 × 14.90 = 332.27 mm²

G1 X Mark II sensor area

Width = 18.70 mm
Height = 14.00 mm

Surface area = 18.70 × 14.00 = 261.80 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

M10 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 22.30 mm
Sensor resolution width = 5196 pixels
Pixel pitch =   22.30  × 1000  = 4.29 µm
5196

G1 X Mark II pixel pitch

Sensor width = 18.70 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4142 pixels
Pixel pitch =   18.70  × 1000  = 4.51 µm
4142


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

M10 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 4.29 µm

Pixel area = 4.29² = 18.4 µm²

G1 X Mark II pixel area

Pixel pitch = 4.51 µm

Pixel area = 4.51² = 20.34 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

M10 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 5196 pixels
Sensor width = 2.23 cm

Pixel density = (5196 / 2.23)² / 1000000 = 5.43 MP/cm²

G1 X Mark II pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4142 pixels
Sensor width = 1.87 cm

Pixel density = (4142 / 1.87)² / 1000000 = 4.91 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

M10 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 22.30 mm
Sensor height = 14.90 mm
Effective megapixels = 18.00
r = 22.30/14.90 = 1.5
X =  18.00 × 1000000  = 3464
1.5
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3464 × 1.5 = 5196
Resolution vertical: X = 3464

Sensor resolution = 5196 x 3464

G1 X Mark II sensor resolution

Sensor width = 18.70 mm
Sensor height = 14.00 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.80
r = 18.70/14.00 = 1.34
X =  12.80 × 1000000  = 3091
1.34
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3091 × 1.34 = 4142
Resolution vertical: X = 3091

Sensor resolution = 4142 x 3091


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


M10 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 26.82 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1.61
26.82

G1 X Mark II crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 23.36 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1.85
23.36

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

M10 equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Canon M10, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Crop factor for Canon M10 is 1.61

G1 X Mark II equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 1.85
Aperture = f2.0 - f3.9

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.0 - f3.9) × 1.85 = f3.7 - f7.2

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