Canon PowerShot SD770 IS vs. Canon PowerShot SD990 IS

Comparison

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PowerShot SD770 IS image
vs
PowerShot SD990 IS image
Canon PowerShot SD770 IS Canon PowerShot SD990 IS
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Megapixels
10.00
14.70
Max. image resolution
3648 x 2736
4416 x 3312

Sensor

Sensor type
CCD
CCD
Sensor size
1/2.3" (~ 6.16 x 4.62 mm)
1/1.7" (~ 7.53 x 5.64 mm)
Sensor resolution
3647 x 2742
4438 x 3312
Diagonal
7.70 mm
9.41 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1 : 1.49
(ratio)
Canon PowerShot SD770 IS Canon PowerShot SD990 IS
Surface area:
28.46 mm² vs 42.47 mm²
Difference: 14.01 mm² (49%)
SD990 IS sensor is approx. 1.49x bigger than SD770 IS sensor.
Pixel pitch
1.69 µm
1.7 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0.01 µm (0.6%)
Pixel pitch of SD990 IS is approx. 0.6% higher than pixel pitch of SD770 IS.
Pixel area
2.86 µm²
2.89 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 0.03 µm² (1%)
A pixel on Canon SD990 IS sensor is approx. 1% bigger than a pixel on Canon SD770 IS.
Pixel density
35.05 MP/cm²
34.74 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 0.31 µm (0.9%)
Canon SD770 IS has approx. 0.9% higher pixel density than Canon SD990 IS.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Canon SD770 IS
Canon SD990 IS
Crop factor
5.62
4.6
Total megapixels
10.30
Effective megapixels
10.00
14.70
Optical zoom
3x
3.7x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, High Auto, 80 ,100, 200, 400, 800, 1600
Auto, 80 ,100, 200, 400, 800, 1600
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
30 cm
50 cm
Macro focus range
3 cm
5 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
35 - 105 mm
36 - 133 mm
Aperture priority
No
No
Max. aperture
f2.8 - f4.9
f2.8 - f5.8
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
f15.7 - f27.5
f12.9 - f26.7
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
No
No
Min. shutter speed
15 sec
15 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/1500 sec
1/1600 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Optical (tunnel)
Optical (tunnel)
White balance presets
5
5
Screen size
2.5"
2.5"
Screen resolution
230,000 dots
230,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
Storage types
SD/SDHC/MMC card
SD/SDHC/MMC card
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
Lithium-Ion NB-6L battery
Lithium-Ion NB-5L battery
Weight
170 g
205 g
Dimensions
86 x 54 x 20 mm
98 x 62 x 28 mm
Year
2008
2008




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Canon SD770 IS diagonal

The diagonal of SD770 IS sensor is not 1/2.3 or 0.43" (11 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 7.7 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 6.16 mm
h = 4.62 mm
Diagonal =  6.16² + 4.62²   = 7.70 mm

Canon SD990 IS diagonal

The diagonal of SD990 IS sensor is not 1/1.7 or 0.59" (14.9 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 9.41 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 7.53 mm
h = 5.64 mm
Diagonal =  7.53² + 5.64²   = 9.41 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

SD770 IS sensor area

Width = 6.16 mm
Height = 4.62 mm

Surface area = 6.16 × 4.62 = 28.46 mm²

SD990 IS sensor area

Width = 7.53 mm
Height = 5.64 mm

Surface area = 7.53 × 5.64 = 42.47 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

SD770 IS pixel pitch

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor resolution width = 3647 pixels
Pixel pitch =   6.16  × 1000  = 1.69 µm
3647

SD990 IS pixel pitch

Sensor width = 7.53 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4438 pixels
Pixel pitch =   7.53  × 1000  = 1.7 µm
4438


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

SD770 IS pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.69 µm

Pixel area = 1.69² = 2.86 µm²

SD990 IS pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.7 µm

Pixel area = 1.7² = 2.89 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

SD770 IS pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 3647 pixels
Sensor width = 0.616 cm

Pixel density = (3647 / 0.616)² / 1000000 = 35.05 MP/cm²

SD990 IS pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4438 pixels
Sensor width = 0.753 cm

Pixel density = (4438 / 0.753)² / 1000000 = 34.74 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

SD770 IS sensor resolution

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor height = 4.62 mm
Effective megapixels = 10.00
r = 6.16/4.62 = 1.33
X =  10.00 × 1000000  = 2742
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2742 × 1.33 = 3647
Resolution vertical: X = 2742

Sensor resolution = 3647 x 2742

SD990 IS sensor resolution

Sensor width = 7.53 mm
Sensor height = 5.64 mm
Effective megapixels = 14.70
r = 7.53/5.64 = 1.34
X =  14.70 × 1000000  = 3312
1.34
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3312 × 1.34 = 4438
Resolution vertical: X = 3312

Sensor resolution = 4438 x 3312


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


SD770 IS crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 7.70 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 5.62
7.70

SD990 IS crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 9.41 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 4.6
9.41

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

SD770 IS equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 5.62
Aperture = f2.8 - f4.9

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.8 - f4.9) × 5.62 = f15.7 - f27.5

SD990 IS equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 4.6
Aperture = f2.8 - f5.8

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.8 - f5.8) × 4.6 = f12.9 - f26.7

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