Casio Exilim EX-10 vs. Casio Exilim EX-Z850

Comparison

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Exilim EX-10 image
vs
Exilim EX-Z850 image
Casio Exilim EX-10 Casio Exilim EX-Z850
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Megapixels
12.10
8.00
Max. image resolution
4000 x 3000
3264 x 2448

Sensor

Sensor type
CMOS
CCD
Sensor size
1/1.7" (~ 7.53 x 5.64 mm)
1/1.8" (~ 7.11 x 5.33 mm)
Sensor resolution
4027 x 3005
3262 x 2453
Diagonal
9.41 mm
8.89 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1.12 : 1
(ratio)
Casio Exilim EX-10 Casio Exilim EX-Z850
Surface area:
42.47 mm² vs 37.90 mm²
Difference: 4.57 mm² (12%)
10 sensor is approx. 1.12x bigger than Z850 sensor.
Note: You are comparing sensors of very different generations. There is a gap of 7 years between Casio 10 (2013) and Casio Z850 (2006). Seven years is a lot of time in terms of technology, meaning newer sensors are overall much more efficient than the older ones.
Pixel pitch
1.87 µm
2.18 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0.31 µm (17%)
Pixel pitch of Z850 is approx. 17% higher than pixel pitch of 10.
Pixel area
3.5 µm²
4.75 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 1.25 µm² (36%)
A pixel on Casio Z850 sensor is approx. 36% bigger than a pixel on Casio 10.
Pixel density
28.6 MP/cm²
21.05 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 7.55 µm (36%)
Casio 10 has approx. 36% higher pixel density than Casio Z850.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Casio 10
Casio Z850
Crop factor
4.6
4.87
Total megapixels
12.76
8.30
Effective megapixels
12.10
8.00
Optical zoom
4x
3x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 80 - 12800
Auto, 50, 100, 200, 400, 1600
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
40 cm
Macro focus range
1 cm
10 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
28 - 112 mm
38 - 114 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f1.8 - f2.5
f2.8 - f5.1
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
f8.3 - f11.5
f13.6 - f24.8
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Centre weighted, Multi-pattern, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
250 sec
60 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/2000 sec
1/1600 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
None
Optical (tunnel)
White balance presets
6
5
Screen size
3.5"
2.5"
Screen resolution
921,600 dots
115,200 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
Storage types
SD/SDHC/SDXC
MultiMedia, Secure Digital
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
NP-130A Lithium-Ion battery
Lithium-Ion rechargeable
Weight
384 g
130 g
Dimensions
119.9 x 67.9 x 48.6 mm
89 x 58.5 x 23.7 mm
Year
2013
2006




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Casio 10 diagonal

The diagonal of 10 sensor is not 1/1.7 or 0.59" (14.9 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 9.41 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 7.53 mm
h = 5.64 mm
Diagonal =  7.53² + 5.64²   = 9.41 mm

Casio Z850 diagonal

The diagonal of Z850 sensor is not 1/1.8 or 0.56" (14.1 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 8.89 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 7.11 mm
h = 5.33 mm
Diagonal =  7.11² + 5.33²   = 8.89 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

10 sensor area

Width = 7.53 mm
Height = 5.64 mm

Surface area = 7.53 × 5.64 = 42.47 mm²

Z850 sensor area

Width = 7.11 mm
Height = 5.33 mm

Surface area = 7.11 × 5.33 = 37.90 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

10 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 7.53 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4027 pixels
Pixel pitch =   7.53  × 1000  = 1.87 µm
4027

Z850 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor resolution width = 3262 pixels
Pixel pitch =   7.11  × 1000  = 2.18 µm
3262


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

10 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.87 µm

Pixel area = 1.87² = 3.5 µm²

Z850 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 2.18 µm

Pixel area = 2.18² = 4.75 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

10 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4027 pixels
Sensor width = 0.753 cm

Pixel density = (4027 / 0.753)² / 1000000 = 28.6 MP/cm²

Z850 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 3262 pixels
Sensor width = 0.711 cm

Pixel density = (3262 / 0.711)² / 1000000 = 21.05 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

10 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 7.53 mm
Sensor height = 5.64 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.10
r = 7.53/5.64 = 1.34
X =  12.10 × 1000000  = 3005
1.34
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3005 × 1.34 = 4027
Resolution vertical: X = 3005

Sensor resolution = 4027 x 3005

Z850 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor height = 5.33 mm
Effective megapixels = 8.00
r = 7.11/5.33 = 1.33
X =  8.00 × 1000000  = 2453
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2453 × 1.33 = 3262
Resolution vertical: X = 2453

Sensor resolution = 3262 x 2453


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


10 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 9.41 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 4.6
9.41

Z850 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 8.89 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 4.87
8.89

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

10 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 4.6
Aperture = f1.8 - f2.5

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f1.8 - f2.5) × 4.6 = f8.3 - f11.5

Z850 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 4.87
Aperture = f2.8 - f5.1

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.8 - f5.1) × 4.87 = f13.6 - f24.8

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