Fujifilm X10 vs. Nikon Coolpix P7700

Comparison

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X10 image
vs
Coolpix P7700 image
Fujifilm X10 Nikon Coolpix P7700
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Megapixels
12.00
12.20
Max. image resolution
4000 x 3000
4000 x 3000

Sensor

Sensor type
CMOS
CMOS
Sensor size
2/3" (~ 8.8 x 6.6 mm)
1/1.7" (~ 7.53 x 5.64 mm)
Sensor resolution
3995 x 3004
4043 x 3017
Diagonal
11.00 mm
9.41 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1.37 : 1
(ratio)
Fujifilm X10 Nikon Coolpix P7700
Surface area:
58.08 mm² vs 42.47 mm²
Difference: 15.61 mm² (37%)
X10 sensor is approx. 1.37x bigger than P7700 sensor.
Pixel pitch
2.2 µm
1.86 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0.34 µm (18%)
Pixel pitch of X10 is approx. 18% higher than pixel pitch of P7700.
Pixel area
4.84 µm²
3.46 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 1.38 µm² (40%)
A pixel on Fujifilm X10 sensor is approx. 40% bigger than a pixel on Nikon P7700.
Pixel density
20.61 MP/cm²
28.83 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 8.22 µm (40%)
Nikon P7700 has approx. 40% higher pixel density than Fujifilm X10.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Fujifilm X10
Nikon P7700
Crop factor
3.93
4.6
Total megapixels
12.80
Effective megapixels
12.00
12.20
Optical zoom
4x
7.1x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100, 200, 250, 320, 400, 500, 640, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600
80, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, (3200 and Hi 1=6400)
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
50 cm
50 cm
Macro focus range
1 cm
2 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
28 - 112 mm
28 - 200 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f2.0 - f2.8
f2.0 - f4.0
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
f7.9 - f11
f9.2 - f18.4
Metering
Multi, Average, Spot
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
30 sec
60 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/4000 sec
1/4000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Optical (tunnel)
None
White balance presets
7
5
Screen size
2.8"
3"
Screen resolution
460,000 dots
921,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
1920x1080 (30p)
Storage types
SD/SDHC/SDXC
SD/SDHC/SDXC
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
Lithium-Ion NP-50 rechargeable battery
Nikon EN-EL14 Lithium-Ion
Weight
350 g
392 g
Dimensions
117 x 70 x 57 mm
118.5 x 72.5 x 50.4 mm
Year
2011
2012




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Fujifilm X10 diagonal

The diagonal of X10 sensor is not 2/3 or 0.67" (16.9 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 11 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 8.80 mm
h = 6.60 mm
Diagonal =  8.80² + 6.60²   = 11.00 mm

Nikon P7700 diagonal

The diagonal of P7700 sensor is not 1/1.7 or 0.59" (14.9 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 9.41 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 7.53 mm
h = 5.64 mm
Diagonal =  7.53² + 5.64²   = 9.41 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

X10 sensor area

Width = 8.80 mm
Height = 6.60 mm

Surface area = 8.80 × 6.60 = 58.08 mm²

P7700 sensor area

Width = 7.53 mm
Height = 5.64 mm

Surface area = 7.53 × 5.64 = 42.47 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

X10 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 8.80 mm
Sensor resolution width = 3995 pixels
Pixel pitch =   8.80  × 1000  = 2.2 µm
3995

P7700 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 7.53 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4043 pixels
Pixel pitch =   7.53  × 1000  = 1.86 µm
4043


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

X10 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 2.2 µm

Pixel area = 2.2² = 4.84 µm²

P7700 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.86 µm

Pixel area = 1.86² = 3.46 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

X10 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 3995 pixels
Sensor width = 0.88 cm

Pixel density = (3995 / 0.88)² / 1000000 = 20.61 MP/cm²

P7700 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4043 pixels
Sensor width = 0.753 cm

Pixel density = (4043 / 0.753)² / 1000000 = 28.83 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

X10 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 8.80 mm
Sensor height = 6.60 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.00
r = 8.80/6.60 = 1.33
X =  12.00 × 1000000  = 3004
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3004 × 1.33 = 3995
Resolution vertical: X = 3004

Sensor resolution = 3995 x 3004

P7700 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 7.53 mm
Sensor height = 5.64 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.20
r = 7.53/5.64 = 1.34
X =  12.20 × 1000000  = 3017
1.34
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3017 × 1.34 = 4043
Resolution vertical: X = 3017

Sensor resolution = 4043 x 3017


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


X10 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 11.00 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 3.93
11.00

P7700 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 9.41 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 4.6
9.41

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

X10 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 3.93
Aperture = f2.0 - f2.8

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.0 - f2.8) × 3.93 = f7.9 - f11

P7700 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 4.6
Aperture = f2.0 - f4.0

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.0 - f4.0) × 4.6 = f9.2 - f18.4

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