Nikon Coolpix P5100 vs. Nikon Coolpix S9300

Comparison

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Coolpix P5100 image
vs
Coolpix S9300 image
Nikon Coolpix P5100 Nikon Coolpix S9300
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Megapixels
12.10
16.00
Max. image resolution
4000 x 3000
4608 x 3456

Sensor

Sensor type
CCD
CMOS
Sensor size
1/1.72" (~ 7.44 x 5.58 mm)
1/2.3" (~ 6.16 x 4.62 mm)
Sensor resolution
4011 x 3016
4612 x 3468
Diagonal
9.30 mm
7.70 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1.46 : 1
(ratio)
Nikon Coolpix P5100 Nikon Coolpix S9300
Surface area:
41.52 mm² vs 28.46 mm²
Difference: 13.06 mm² (46%)
P5100 sensor is approx. 1.46x bigger than S9300 sensor.
Note: You are comparing cameras of different generations. There is a 5 year gap between Nikon P5100 (2007) and Nikon S9300 (2012). All things being equal, newer sensor generations generally outperform the older.
Pixel pitch
1.85 µm
1.34 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0.51 µm (38%)
Pixel pitch of P5100 is approx. 38% higher than pixel pitch of S9300.
Pixel area
3.42 µm²
1.8 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 1.62 µm² (90%)
A pixel on Nikon P5100 sensor is approx. 90% bigger than a pixel on Nikon S9300.
Pixel density
29.06 MP/cm²
56.06 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 27 µm (93%)
Nikon S9300 has approx. 93% higher pixel density than Nikon P5100.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Nikon P5100
Nikon S9300
Crop factor
4.65
5.62
Total megapixels
12.40
16.80
Effective megapixels
12.10
16.00
Optical zoom
3.5x
18x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, (64 - 800), 64, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 2000
Auto, 125, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
30 cm
50 cm
Macro focus range
4 cm
4 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
35 - 123 mm
25 - 450 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
No
Max. aperture
f2.7 - f5.3
f3.5 - f5.9
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
f12.6 - f24.6
f19.7 - f33.2
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Centre weighted, Multi-segment, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
No
Min. shutter speed
8 sec
30 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/2000 sec
1/8000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Optical (tunnel)
None
White balance presets
5
6
Screen size
2.5"
3"
Screen resolution
230,000 dots
921,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
Storage types
SD/SDHC card, Internal
SDHC, SDXC, Secure Digital
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
Nikon EN-EL5 Lithium-Ion
Nikon EN-EL12 Lithium-Ion battery
Weight
250 g
215 g
Dimensions
98 x 65 x 41 mm
109 x 62 x 31 mm
Year
2007
2012




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vs

Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Nikon P5100 diagonal

The diagonal of P5100 sensor is not 1/1.72 or 0.58" (14.8 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 9.3 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 7.44 mm
h = 5.58 mm
Diagonal =  7.44² + 5.58²   = 9.30 mm

Nikon S9300 diagonal

The diagonal of S9300 sensor is not 1/2.3 or 0.43" (11 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 7.7 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 6.16 mm
h = 4.62 mm
Diagonal =  6.16² + 4.62²   = 7.70 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

P5100 sensor area

Width = 7.44 mm
Height = 5.58 mm

Surface area = 7.44 × 5.58 = 41.52 mm²

S9300 sensor area

Width = 6.16 mm
Height = 4.62 mm

Surface area = 6.16 × 4.62 = 28.46 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

P5100 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 7.44 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4011 pixels
Pixel pitch =   7.44  × 1000  = 1.85 µm
4011

S9300 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4612 pixels
Pixel pitch =   6.16  × 1000  = 1.34 µm
4612


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

P5100 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.85 µm

Pixel area = 1.85² = 3.42 µm²

S9300 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.34 µm

Pixel area = 1.34² = 1.8 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

P5100 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4011 pixels
Sensor width = 0.744 cm

Pixel density = (4011 / 0.744)² / 1000000 = 29.06 MP/cm²

S9300 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4612 pixels
Sensor width = 0.616 cm

Pixel density = (4612 / 0.616)² / 1000000 = 56.06 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

P5100 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 7.44 mm
Sensor height = 5.58 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.10
r = 7.44/5.58 = 1.33
X =  12.10 × 1000000  = 3016
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3016 × 1.33 = 4011
Resolution vertical: X = 3016

Sensor resolution = 4011 x 3016

S9300 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor height = 4.62 mm
Effective megapixels = 16.00
r = 6.16/4.62 = 1.33
X =  16.00 × 1000000  = 3468
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3468 × 1.33 = 4612
Resolution vertical: X = 3468

Sensor resolution = 4612 x 3468


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


P5100 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 9.30 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 4.65
9.30

S9300 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 7.70 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 5.62
7.70

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

P5100 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 4.65
Aperture = f2.7 - f5.3

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.7 - f5.3) × 4.65 = f12.6 - f24.6

S9300 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 5.62
Aperture = f3.5 - f5.9

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f3.5 - f5.9) × 5.62 = f19.7 - f33.2

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