Leica D-LUX 3 vs. Leica V-Lux 40

Comparison

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D-LUX 3 image
vs
V-Lux 40 image
Leica D-LUX 3 Leica V-Lux 40
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Megapixels
10.00
14.10
Max. image resolution
4224 x 2376
4320 x 3240

Sensor

Sensor type
CCD
CMOS
Sensor size
1/1.65" (~ 7.76 x 5.81 mm)
1/2.33" (~ 6.08 x 4.56 mm)
Sensor resolution
3661 x 2732
4330 x 3256
Diagonal
9.69 mm
7.60 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1.63 : 1
(ratio)
Leica D-LUX 3 Leica V-Lux 40
Surface area:
45.09 mm² vs 27.72 mm²
Difference: 17.37 mm² (63%)
D-LUX 3 sensor is approx. 1.63x bigger than V-Lux 40 sensor.
Note: You are comparing sensors of very different generations. There is a gap of 6 years between Leica D-LUX 3 (2006) and Leica V-Lux 40 (2012). Six years is a lot of time in terms of technology, meaning newer sensors are overall much more efficient than the older ones.
Pixel pitch
2.12 µm
1.4 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0.72 µm (51%)
Pixel pitch of D-LUX 3 is approx. 51% higher than pixel pitch of V-Lux 40.
Pixel area
4.49 µm²
1.96 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 2.53 µm² (129%)
A pixel on Leica D-LUX 3 sensor is approx. 129% bigger than a pixel on Leica V-Lux 40.
Pixel density
22.26 MP/cm²
50.72 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 28.46 µm (128%)
Leica V-Lux 40 has approx. 128% higher pixel density than Leica D-LUX 3.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Leica D-LUX 3
Leica V-Lux 40
Crop factor
4.47
5.69
Total megapixels
10.40
15.30
Effective megapixels
10.00
14.10
Optical zoom
4x
20x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 80, 100, 200, 400
Auto, Hi Auto, (1600-6400), 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600. 3200
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
50 cm
50 cm
Macro focus range
5 cm
3 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
28 - 112 mm
24 - 480 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f2.8 - f4.9
f3.3 - f6.4
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
f12.5 - f21.9
f18.8 - f36.4
Metering
Centre weighted, Multi-segment, Spot
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
60 sec
15 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/2000 sec
1/2000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
None
None
White balance presets
7
4
Screen size
2.8"
3"
Screen resolution
207,000 dots
460,800 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
Storage types
Secure Digital
SD/SDHC/SDXC, Internal
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
Lithium-Ion rechargeable battery
Lithium-Ion rechargeable battery
Weight
185 g
210 g
Dimensions
106 x 58 x 26 mm
105 x 59 x 28 mm
Year
2006
2012




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Leica D-LUX 3 diagonal

The diagonal of D-LUX 3 sensor is not 1/1.65 or 0.61" (15.4 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 9.69 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 7.76 mm
h = 5.81 mm
Diagonal =  7.76² + 5.81²   = 9.69 mm

Leica V-Lux 40 diagonal

The diagonal of V-Lux 40 sensor is not 1/2.33 or 0.43" (10.9 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 7.6 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 6.08 mm
h = 4.56 mm
Diagonal =  6.08² + 4.56²   = 7.60 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

D-LUX 3 sensor area

Width = 7.76 mm
Height = 5.81 mm

Surface area = 7.76 × 5.81 = 45.09 mm²

V-Lux 40 sensor area

Width = 6.08 mm
Height = 4.56 mm

Surface area = 6.08 × 4.56 = 27.72 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

D-LUX 3 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 7.76 mm
Sensor resolution width = 3661 pixels
Pixel pitch =   7.76  × 1000  = 2.12 µm
3661

V-Lux 40 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 6.08 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4330 pixels
Pixel pitch =   6.08  × 1000  = 1.4 µm
4330


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

D-LUX 3 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 2.12 µm

Pixel area = 2.12² = 4.49 µm²

V-Lux 40 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.4 µm

Pixel area = 1.4² = 1.96 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

D-LUX 3 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 3661 pixels
Sensor width = 0.776 cm

Pixel density = (3661 / 0.776)² / 1000000 = 22.26 MP/cm²

V-Lux 40 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4330 pixels
Sensor width = 0.608 cm

Pixel density = (4330 / 0.608)² / 1000000 = 50.72 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

D-LUX 3 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 7.76 mm
Sensor height = 5.81 mm
Effective megapixels = 10.00
r = 7.76/5.81 = 1.34
X =  10.00 × 1000000  = 2732
1.34
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2732 × 1.34 = 3661
Resolution vertical: X = 2732

Sensor resolution = 3661 x 2732

V-Lux 40 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 6.08 mm
Sensor height = 4.56 mm
Effective megapixels = 14.10
r = 6.08/4.56 = 1.33
X =  14.10 × 1000000  = 3256
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3256 × 1.33 = 4330
Resolution vertical: X = 3256

Sensor resolution = 4330 x 3256


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


D-LUX 3 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 9.69 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 4.47
9.69

V-Lux 40 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 7.60 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 5.69
7.60

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

D-LUX 3 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 4.47
Aperture = f2.8 - f4.9

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.8 - f4.9) × 4.47 = f12.5 - f21.9

V-Lux 40 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 5.69
Aperture = f3.3 - f6.4

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f3.3 - f6.4) × 5.69 = f18.8 - f36.4

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