Leica TL2 vs. Panasonic Lumix DC-TZ90

Comparison

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TL2 image
vs
Lumix DC-TZ90 image
Leica TL2 Panasonic Lumix DC-TZ90
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Megapixels
24.32
20.30
Max. image resolution
6016 x 4014
5184 x 3888

Sensor

Sensor type
CMOS
CMOS
Sensor size
23.6 x 15.7 mm
1/2.3" (~ 6.16 x 4.62 mm)
Sensor resolution
6041 x 4027
5196 x 3907
Diagonal
28.35 mm
7.70 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
13.02 : 1
(ratio)
Leica TL2 Panasonic Lumix DC-TZ90
Surface area:
370.52 mm² vs 28.46 mm²
Difference: 342.06 mm² (1202%)
TL2 sensor is approx. 13.02x bigger than Lumix DC-TZ90 sensor.
Pixel pitch
3.91 µm
1.19 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 2.72 µm (229%)
Pixel pitch of TL2 is approx. 229% higher than pixel pitch of Lumix DC-TZ90.
Pixel area
15.29 µm²
1.42 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 13.87 µm² (977%)
A pixel on Leica TL2 sensor is approx. 977% bigger than a pixel on Panasonic Lumix DC-TZ90.
Pixel density
6.55 MP/cm²
71.15 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 64.6 µm (986%)
Panasonic Lumix DC-TZ90 has approx. 986% higher pixel density than Leica TL2.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Leica TL2
Panasonic Lumix DC-TZ90
Crop factor
1.53
5.62
Total megapixels
24.96
21.10
Effective megapixels
24.32
20.30
Optical zoom
 
30x
Digital zoom
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100-50000
Auto, 80-3200 (extends to 6400)
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
50 cm
Macro focus range
3 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
24 - 720 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f3.3 - f6.4
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
n/a
f18.5 - f36
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
30 sec
4 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/4000 sec
1/2000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Electronic (optional)
Electronic
White balance presets
5
5
Screen size
3.7"
3"
Screen resolution
1,229,760 dots
1,040,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
3840x2160 (30p)
3840x2160 (30p)
Storage types
SD/SDHC/SDXC
SD/SDHC/SDXC
USB
USB 3.0 (5 GBit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
BP-DC13 lithium-ion battery
Lithium-ion battery
Weight
399 g
322 g
Dimensions
134 x 69 x 33 mm
112 x 67.3 x 41.2 mm
Year
2017
2017




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Leica TL2 diagonal

w = 23.60 mm
h = 15.70 mm
Diagonal =  23.60² + 15.70²   = 28.35 mm

Panasonic Lumix DC-TZ90 diagonal

The diagonal of Lumix DC-TZ90 sensor is not 1/2.3 or 0.43" (11 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 7.7 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 6.16 mm
h = 4.62 mm
Diagonal =  6.16² + 4.62²   = 7.70 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

TL2 sensor area

Width = 23.60 mm
Height = 15.70 mm

Surface area = 23.60 × 15.70 = 370.52 mm²

Lumix DC-TZ90 sensor area

Width = 6.16 mm
Height = 4.62 mm

Surface area = 6.16 × 4.62 = 28.46 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

TL2 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 23.60 mm
Sensor resolution width = 6041 pixels
Pixel pitch =   23.60  × 1000  = 3.91 µm
6041

Lumix DC-TZ90 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor resolution width = 5196 pixels
Pixel pitch =   6.16  × 1000  = 1.19 µm
5196


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

TL2 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 3.91 µm

Pixel area = 3.91² = 15.29 µm²

Lumix DC-TZ90 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.19 µm

Pixel area = 1.19² = 1.42 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

TL2 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 6041 pixels
Sensor width = 2.36 cm

Pixel density = (6041 / 2.36)² / 1000000 = 6.55 MP/cm²

Lumix DC-TZ90 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 5196 pixels
Sensor width = 0.616 cm

Pixel density = (5196 / 0.616)² / 1000000 = 71.15 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

TL2 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 23.60 mm
Sensor height = 15.70 mm
Effective megapixels = 24.32
r = 23.60/15.70 = 1.5
X =  24.32 × 1000000  = 4027
1.5
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 4027 × 1.5 = 6041
Resolution vertical: X = 4027

Sensor resolution = 6041 x 4027

Lumix DC-TZ90 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor height = 4.62 mm
Effective megapixels = 20.30
r = 6.16/4.62 = 1.33
X =  20.30 × 1000000  = 3907
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3907 × 1.33 = 5196
Resolution vertical: X = 3907

Sensor resolution = 5196 x 3907


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


TL2 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 28.35 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1.53
28.35

Lumix DC-TZ90 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 7.70 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 5.62
7.70

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

TL2 equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Leica TL2, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Crop factor for Leica TL2 is 1.53

Lumix DC-TZ90 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 5.62
Aperture = f3.3 - f6.4

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f3.3 - f6.4) × 5.62 = f18.5 - f36

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