Nikon Coolpix 4500 vs. Olympus XZ-2 iHS
Comparison
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| Nikon Coolpix 4500 | Olympus XZ-2 iHS | ||||
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Megapixels
3.90
12.00
Max. image resolution
2272 x 1704
3968 x 2976
Sensor
Sensor type
CCD
CMOS
Sensor size
1/1.8" (~ 7.11 x 5.33 mm)
1/1.7" (~ 7.53 x 5.64 mm)
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera.
Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the
sensor, the better the image quality.
Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.
Learn more about sensor sizes »
Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.
Learn more about sensor sizes »
Actual sensor size
Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
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| Nikon Coolpix 4500 | Olympus XZ-2 iHS | |
Surface area:
| 37.90 mm² | vs | 42.47 mm² |
Difference: 4.57 mm² (12%)
XZ-2 iHS sensor is approx. 1.12x bigger than 4500 sensor.
Note: You are comparing sensors of very different generations.
There is a gap of 10 years between Nikon 4500 (2002) and Olympus XZ-2 iHS (2012).
Ten years is a lot of time in terms
of technology, meaning newer sensors are overall much more
efficient than the older ones.
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.
The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered.
The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.
Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 6.2 µm² (176%)
A pixel on Nikon 4500 sensor is approx. 176% bigger than a pixel on Olympus XZ-2 iHS.
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one
square cm of the sensor.
Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers,
click here.
Specs
Nikon 4500
Olympus XZ-2 iHS
Total megapixels
4.10
12.80
Effective megapixels
3.90
12.00
Optical zoom
4.1x
4x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100, 200, 400, 800
Auto (100 -1600), 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400, 12800
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
30 cm
60 cm
Macro focus range
2 cm
1 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
38 - 155 mm
28 - 112 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f2.6 - f5.1
f1.8 - f2.5
Metering
256-segment Matrix, Centre weighted, Spot, Spot-AF
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
Bulb+8 sec
60 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/2300 sec
1/2000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Optical (tunnel)
Electronic (optional)
White balance presets
7
7
Screen size
1.5"
3"
Screen resolution
110,000 dots
920,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
Storage types
CompactFlash type I, CompactFlash type II, Microdrive
SD/SDHC/SDXC
USB
USB 1.0
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
Nikon EN-EL1 Lithium-Ion included
Lithium-Ion Li-90B rechargeable battery
Weight
420 g
346 g
Dimensions
130 x 73 x 50 mm
113 x 65 x 48 mm
Year
2002
2012
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Diagonal
Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height
| Diagonal = √ | w² + h² |
Nikon 4500 diagonal
The diagonal of 4500 sensor is not 1/1.8 or 0.56" (14.1 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of
that value - 8.89 mm. If you want to know why, see
sensor sizes.
w = 7.11 mm
h = 5.33 mm
w = 7.11 mm
h = 5.33 mm
| Diagonal = √ | 7.11² + 5.33² | = 8.89 mm |
Olympus XZ-2 iHS diagonal
The diagonal of XZ-2 iHS sensor is not 1/1.7 or 0.59" (14.9 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of
that value - 9.41 mm. If you want to know why, see
sensor sizes.
w = 7.53 mm
h = 5.64 mm
w = 7.53 mm
h = 5.64 mm
| Diagonal = √ | 7.53² + 5.64² | = 9.41 mm |
Surface area
Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.
4500 sensor area
Width = 7.11 mm
Height = 5.33 mm
Surface area = 7.11 × 5.33 = 37.90 mm²
Height = 5.33 mm
Surface area = 7.11 × 5.33 = 37.90 mm²
XZ-2 iHS sensor area
Width = 7.53 mm
Height = 5.64 mm
Surface area = 7.53 × 5.64 = 42.47 mm²
Height = 5.64 mm
Surface area = 7.53 × 5.64 = 42.47 mm²
Pixel pitch
Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the
next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
| Pixel pitch = | sensor width in mm | × 1000 |
| sensor resolution width in pixels |
4500 pixel pitch
Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor resolution width = 2277 pixels
Sensor resolution width = 2277 pixels
| Pixel pitch = | 7.11 | × 1000 | = 3.12 µm |
| 2277 |
XZ-2 iHS pixel pitch
Sensor width = 7.53 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4011 pixels
Sensor resolution width = 4011 pixels
| Pixel pitch = | 7.53 | × 1000 | = 1.88 µm |
| 4011 |
Pixel area
The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²
You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
| Pixel area = | sensor surface area in mm² |
| effective megapixels |
4500 pixel area
Pixel pitch = 3.12 µm
Pixel area = 3.12² = 9.73 µm²
Pixel area = 3.12² = 9.73 µm²
XZ-2 iHS pixel area
Pixel pitch = 1.88 µm
Pixel area = 1.88² = 3.53 µm²
Pixel area = 1.88² = 3.53 µm²
Pixel density
Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
One could also use this formula:
| Pixel density = ( | sensor resolution width in pixels | )² / 1000000 |
| sensor width in cm |
One could also use this formula:
| Pixel density = | effective megapixels × 1000000 | / 10000 |
| sensor surface area in mm² |
4500 pixel density
Sensor resolution width = 2277 pixels
Sensor width = 0.711 cm
Pixel density = (2277 / 0.711)² / 1000000 = 10.26 MP/cm²
Sensor width = 0.711 cm
Pixel density = (2277 / 0.711)² / 1000000 = 10.26 MP/cm²
XZ-2 iHS pixel density
Sensor resolution width = 4011 pixels
Sensor width = 0.753 cm
Pixel density = (4011 / 0.753)² / 1000000 = 28.37 MP/cm²
Sensor width = 0.753 cm
Pixel density = (4011 / 0.753)² / 1000000 = 28.37 MP/cm²
Sensor resolution
Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher
than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications.
Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula.
For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.
1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.
2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:
Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X
1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.
2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
| (X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000 → |
|
Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X
4500 sensor resolution
Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor height = 5.33 mm
Effective megapixels = 3.90
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 1712 × 1.33 = 2277
Resolution vertical: X = 1712
Sensor resolution = 2277 x 1712
Sensor height = 5.33 mm
Effective megapixels = 3.90
| r = 7.11/5.33 = 1.33 |
|
Resolution vertical: X = 1712
Sensor resolution = 2277 x 1712
XZ-2 iHS sensor resolution
Sensor width = 7.53 mm
Sensor height = 5.64 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.00
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2993 × 1.34 = 4011
Resolution vertical: X = 2993
Sensor resolution = 4011 x 2993
Sensor height = 5.64 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.00
| r = 7.53/5.64 = 1.34 |
|
Resolution vertical: X = 2993
Sensor resolution = 4011 x 2993
Crop factor
Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal
of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
| Crop factor = | 43.27 mm |
| sensor diagonal in mm |
4500 crop factor
Sensor diagonal in mm = 8.89 mm
| Crop factor = | 43.27 | = 4.87 |
| 8.89 |
XZ-2 iHS crop factor
Sensor diagonal in mm = 9.41 mm
| Crop factor = | 43.27 | = 4.6 |
| 9.41 |
35 mm equivalent aperture
Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture
with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).
4500 equivalent aperture
Crop factor = 4.87
Aperture = f2.6 - f5.1
35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.6 - f5.1) × 4.87 = f12.7 - f24.8
Aperture = f2.6 - f5.1
35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.6 - f5.1) × 4.87 = f12.7 - f24.8
XZ-2 iHS equivalent aperture
Crop factor = 4.6
Aperture = f1.8 - f2.5
35-mm equivalent aperture = (f1.8 - f2.5) × 4.6 = f8.3 - f11.5
Aperture = f1.8 - f2.5
35-mm equivalent aperture = (f1.8 - f2.5) × 4.6 = f8.3 - f11.5
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If your screen (phone, tablet, or monitor) is not in diagonal, then the actual size of a sensor won't be shown correctly.