Nikon Coolpix 5200 vs. Sony Alpha SLT-A57

Comparison

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Coolpix 5200 image
vs
Alpha SLT-A57 image
Nikon Coolpix 5200 Sony Alpha SLT-A57
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Megapixels
5.00
16.10
Max. image resolution
2592 x 1944
4912 x 3264

Sensor

Sensor type
CCD
CMOS
Sensor size
1/1.8" (~ 7.11 x 5.33 mm)
23.5 x 15.6 mm
Sensor resolution
2579 x 1939
4930 x 3265
Diagonal
8.89 mm
28.21 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1 : 9.67
(ratio)
Nikon Coolpix 5200 Sony Alpha SLT-A57
Surface area:
37.90 mm² vs 366.60 mm²
Difference: 328.7 mm² (867%)
Alpha SLT-A57 sensor is approx. 9.67x bigger than 5200 sensor.
Note: You are comparing sensors of very different generations. There is a gap of 8 years between Nikon 5200 (2004) and Sony Alpha SLT-A57 (2012). Eight years is a lot of time in terms of technology, meaning newer sensors are overall much more efficient than the older ones.
Pixel pitch
2.76 µm
4.77 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 2.01 µm (73%)
Pixel pitch of Alpha SLT-A57 is approx. 73% higher than pixel pitch of 5200.
Pixel area
7.62 µm²
22.75 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 15.13 µm² (199%)
A pixel on Sony Alpha SLT-A57 sensor is approx. 199% bigger than a pixel on Nikon 5200.
Pixel density
13.16 MP/cm²
4.4 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 8.76 µm (199%)
Nikon 5200 has approx. 199% higher pixel density than Sony Alpha SLT-A57.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Nikon 5200
Sony Alpha SLT-A57
Crop factor
4.87
1.53
Total megapixels
5.20
16.70
Effective megapixels
5.00
16.10
Optical zoom
3x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 64, 100, 200, 400
Auto, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400, 12800, 16000 25600
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
30 cm
Macro focus range
4 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
38 - 114 mm
Aperture priority
No
Yes
Max. aperture
f2.8 - f4.9
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
f13.6 - f23.9
n/a
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Average
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
No
Yes
Min. shutter speed
4 sec
30 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/2000 sec
1/4000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Optical (tunnel)
Electronic
White balance presets
7
9
Screen size
1.5"
3"
Screen resolution
110,000 dots
921,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
1920x1080 (60p/24p)
Storage types
SD/MMC card, Internal
SD/SDHC/SDXC/Memory Stick Pro Duo/ Pro-HG Duo
USB
USB 1.0
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
Nikon EN-EL5 Lithium-Ion included
Rechargeable NP-FM500H battery
Weight
180 g
618 g
Dimensions
88 x 60 x 37 mm
132 x 98 x 81 mm
Year
2004
2012




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Nikon 5200 diagonal

The diagonal of 5200 sensor is not 1/1.8 or 0.56" (14.1 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 8.89 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 7.11 mm
h = 5.33 mm
Diagonal =  7.11² + 5.33²   = 8.89 mm

Sony Alpha SLT-A57 diagonal

w = 23.50 mm
h = 15.60 mm
Diagonal =  23.50² + 15.60²   = 28.21 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

5200 sensor area

Width = 7.11 mm
Height = 5.33 mm

Surface area = 7.11 × 5.33 = 37.90 mm²

Alpha SLT-A57 sensor area

Width = 23.50 mm
Height = 15.60 mm

Surface area = 23.50 × 15.60 = 366.60 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

5200 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor resolution width = 2579 pixels
Pixel pitch =   7.11  × 1000  = 2.76 µm
2579

Alpha SLT-A57 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 23.50 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4930 pixels
Pixel pitch =   23.50  × 1000  = 4.77 µm
4930


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

5200 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 2.76 µm

Pixel area = 2.76² = 7.62 µm²

Alpha SLT-A57 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 4.77 µm

Pixel area = 4.77² = 22.75 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

5200 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 2579 pixels
Sensor width = 0.711 cm

Pixel density = (2579 / 0.711)² / 1000000 = 13.16 MP/cm²

Alpha SLT-A57 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4930 pixels
Sensor width = 2.35 cm

Pixel density = (4930 / 2.35)² / 1000000 = 4.4 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

5200 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor height = 5.33 mm
Effective megapixels = 5.00
r = 7.11/5.33 = 1.33
X =  5.00 × 1000000  = 1939
1.33
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 1939 × 1.33 = 2579
Resolution vertical: X = 1939

Sensor resolution = 2579 x 1939

Alpha SLT-A57 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 23.50 mm
Sensor height = 15.60 mm
Effective megapixels = 16.10
r = 23.50/15.60 = 1.51
X =  16.10 × 1000000  = 3265
1.51
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3265 × 1.51 = 4930
Resolution vertical: X = 3265

Sensor resolution = 4930 x 3265


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


5200 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 8.89 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 4.87
8.89

Alpha SLT-A57 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 28.21 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1.53
28.21

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

5200 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 4.87
Aperture = f2.8 - f4.9

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.8 - f4.9) × 4.87 = f13.6 - f23.9

Alpha SLT-A57 equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Sony Alpha SLT-A57, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Crop factor for Sony Alpha SLT-A57 is 1.53

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