Nikon Coolpix P4 vs. Fujifilm FinePix S4000

Comparison

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Nikon Coolpix P4

Fujifilm FinePix S4000

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Megapixels

8.00

14.00

Max. image resolution

3264 x 2448

4288 x 3216

Sensor

Sensor type

CCD

Sensor size

1/1.8" (~ 7.11 x 5.33 mm)

1/2.3" (~ 6.16 x 4.62 mm)

Sensor resolution

3262 x 2453

4315 x 3244

Diagonal

8.89 mm

7.70 mm

Sensor size comparison

Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »

	vs
1.33	:	1
(ratio)

Nikon Coolpix P4		Fujifilm FinePix S4000

Surface area:

37.90 mm²

28.46 mm²

Difference: 9.44 mm² (33%)

P4 sensor is approx. 1.33x bigger than S4000 sensor.

Note: You are comparing cameras of different generations. There is a 5 year gap between Nikon P4 (2006) and Fujifilm S4000 (2011). All things being equal, newer sensor generations generally outperform the older.

Pixel pitch

2.18 µm

1.43 µm

Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.

Difference: 0.75 µm (52%)

Pixel pitch of P4 is approx. 52% higher than pixel pitch of S4000.

Pixel area

4.75 µm²

2.04 µm²

Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.

Relative pixel sizes:

Pixel area difference: 2.71 µm² (133%)

A pixel on Nikon P4 sensor is approx. 133% bigger than a pixel on Fujifilm S4000.

Pixel density

21.05 MP/cm²

49.07 MP/cm²

Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.

Difference: 28.02 µm (133%)

Fujifilm S4000 has approx. 133% higher pixel density than Nikon P4.

To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.

Specs

Nikon P4

Fujifilm S4000

Crop factor

4.87

5.62

Total megapixels

8.30

Effective megapixels

8.00

14.00

Optical zoom

3.5x

30x

Digital zoom

Yes

ISO sensitivity

Auto

Auto, 64, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400

RAW

Manual focus

Normal focus range

30 cm

40 cm

Macro focus range

4 cm

2 cm

Focal length (35mm equiv.)

36 - 126 mm

24 - 720 mm

Aperture priority

Yes

Max. aperture

f2.7 - f5.3

f3.1 - f5.9

Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)

f13.1 - f25.8

f17.4 - f33.2

Metering

Centre weighted

Multi-segment, Spot, TTL 256-zones metering

Exposure compensation

±2 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)

Shutter priority

Yes

Min. shutter speed

30 sec

8 sec

Max. shutter speed

1/8000 sec

1/2000 sec

Built-in flash

External flash

Viewfinder

None

Electronic

White balance presets

Screen size

2.5"

Screen resolution

150,000 dots

460,000 dots

Video capture

Max. video resolution

Storage types

Secure Digital

SDHC, Secure Digital

USB

USB 1.0

USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)

HDMI

Wireless

GPS

Battery

Nikon EN-EL5 rechargeable Lithium-Ion

4 x Alkaline batteries

Weight

170 g

540 g

Dimensions

92 x 61 x 31 mm

118 x 81 x 100 mm

Year

2006

2011

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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:

Diagonal = √

w² + h²

where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Nikon P4 diagonal

The diagonal of P4 sensor is not 1/1.8 or 0.56" (14.1 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 8.89 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 7.11 mm
h = 5.33 mm

Diagonal = √

7.11² + 5.33²

= 8.89 mm

Fujifilm S4000 diagonal

The diagonal of S4000 sensor is not 1/2.3 or 0.43" (11 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of that value - 7.7 mm. If you want to know why, see sensor sizes.

w = 6.16 mm
h = 4.62 mm

Diagonal = √

6.16² + 4.62²

= 7.70 mm

Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

P4 sensor area

Width = 7.11 mm
Height = 5.33 mm

Surface area = 7.11 × 5.33 = 37.90 mm²

S4000 sensor area

Width = 6.16 mm
Height = 4.62 mm

Surface area = 6.16 × 4.62 = 28.46 mm²

Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:

Pixel pitch =	sensor width in mm	× 1000
	sensor resolution width in pixels

P4 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor resolution width = 3262 pixels

Pixel pitch =	7.11	× 1000	= 2.18 µm
	3262

S4000 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4315 pixels

Pixel pitch =	6.16	× 1000	= 1.43 µm
	4315

Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:

Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:

Pixel area =	sensor surface area in mm²
	effective megapixels

P4 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 2.18 µm

Pixel area = 2.18² = 4.75 µm²

S4000 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 1.43 µm

Pixel area = 1.43² = 2.04 µm²

Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:

Pixel density = (	sensor resolution width in pixels	)² / 1000000
	sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:

Pixel density =	effective megapixels × 1000000	/ 10000
	sensor surface area in mm²

P4 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 3262 pixels
Sensor width = 0.711 cm

Pixel density = (3262 / 0.711)² / 1000000 = 21.05 MP/cm²

S4000 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4315 pixels
Sensor width = 0.616 cm

Pixel density = (4315 / 0.616)² / 1000000 = 49.07 MP/cm²

Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:

(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000 →

X = √	effective megapixels × 1000000
	r

3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

P4 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor height = 5.33 mm
Effective megapixels = 8.00

r = 7.11/5.33 = 1.33

X = √	8.00 × 1000000	= 2453
	1.33

Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2453 × 1.33 = 3262
Resolution vertical: X = 2453

Sensor resolution = 3262 x 2453

S4000 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 6.16 mm
Sensor height = 4.62 mm
Effective megapixels = 14.00

r = 6.16/4.62 = 1.33

X = √	14.00 × 1000000	= 3244
	1.33

Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3244 × 1.33 = 4315
Resolution vertical: X = 3244

Sensor resolution = 4315 x 3244

Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.

Crop factor =	43.27 mm
	sensor diagonal in mm

P4 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 8.89 mm

Crop factor =	43.27	= 4.87
	8.89

S4000 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 7.70 mm

Crop factor =	43.27	= 5.62
	7.70

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

P4 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 4.87
Aperture = f2.7 - f5.3

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.7 - f5.3) × 4.87 = f13.1 - f25.8

S4000 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 5.62
Aperture = f3.1 - f5.9

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f3.1 - f5.9) × 5.62 = f17.4 - f33.2

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