Nikon D780 vs. Nikon D700

Comparison

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D780 image
vs
D700 image
Nikon D780 Nikon D700
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Megapixels
24.50
12.10
Max. image resolution
6048 x 4024
4256 x 2832

Sensor

Sensor type
CMOS
CMOS
Sensor size
35.9 x 23.9 mm
36 x 23.9 mm
Sensor resolution
6062 x 4041
4275 x 2831
Diagonal
43.13 mm
43.21 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1 : 1
(ratio)
Nikon D780 Nikon D700
Surface area:
858.01 mm² vs 860.40 mm²
Difference: 2.39 mm² (0.3%)
D700 sensor is slightly bigger than D780 sensor (only 0.3% difference).
Note: You are comparing sensors of vastly different generations. There is a gap of 12 years between Nikon D780 (2020) and Nikon D700 (2008). Twelve years is a huge amount of time, technology wise, resulting in newer sensor being much more efficient than the older one.
Pixel pitch
5.92 µm
8.42 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 2.5 µm (42%)
Pixel pitch of D700 is approx. 42% higher than pixel pitch of D780.
Pixel area
35.05 µm²
70.9 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 35.85 µm² (102%)
A pixel on Nikon D700 sensor is approx. 102% bigger than a pixel on Nikon D780.
Pixel density
2.85 MP/cm²
1.41 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 1.44 µm (102%)
Nikon D780 has approx. 102% higher pixel density than Nikon D700.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Nikon D780
Nikon D700
Crop factor
1
1
Total megapixels
24.92
12.87
Effective megapixels
24.50
12.10
Optical zoom
Digital zoom
No
No
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100-51200 (expands to 50-204800)
Auto, 100 - 25600
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
Macro focus range
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
n/a
n/a
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Highlight-weighted, Spot
3D Matrix metering II, Centre weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV, 1/2 EV steps)
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV, 1/2 EV, 1 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
30 sec
30 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/8000 sec
1/8000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Optical (pentaprism)
Optical (pentaprism)
White balance presets
12
12
Screen size
3.2"
3"
Screen resolution
2,359,000 dots
920,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
3840x2160 (30p/​25p/​24p)
Storage types
SD/SDHC/SDXC
CompactFlash type I, CompactFlash type II, Microdrive
USB
USB 3.0 (5 GBit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
EN-EL15b lithium-ion battery
Lithium-Ion EN-EL3e rechargeable battery
Weight
840 g
1074 g
Dimensions
143.5 x 115.5 x 76 mm
147 x 123 x 77 mm
Year
2020
2008




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vs

Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Nikon D780 diagonal

w = 35.90 mm
h = 23.90 mm
Diagonal =  35.90² + 23.90²   = 43.13 mm

Nikon D700 diagonal

w = 36.00 mm
h = 23.90 mm
Diagonal =  36.00² + 23.90²   = 43.21 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

D780 sensor area

Width = 35.90 mm
Height = 23.90 mm

Surface area = 35.90 × 23.90 = 858.01 mm²

D700 sensor area

Width = 36.00 mm
Height = 23.90 mm

Surface area = 36.00 × 23.90 = 860.40 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

D780 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 35.90 mm
Sensor resolution width = 6062 pixels
Pixel pitch =   35.90  × 1000  = 5.92 µm
6062

D700 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 36.00 mm
Sensor resolution width = 4275 pixels
Pixel pitch =   36.00  × 1000  = 8.42 µm
4275


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

D780 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 5.92 µm

Pixel area = 5.92² = 35.05 µm²

D700 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 8.42 µm

Pixel area = 8.42² = 70.9 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

D780 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 6062 pixels
Sensor width = 3.59 cm

Pixel density = (6062 / 3.59)² / 1000000 = 2.85 MP/cm²

D700 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 4275 pixels
Sensor width = 3.6 cm

Pixel density = (4275 / 3.6)² / 1000000 = 1.41 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

D780 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 35.90 mm
Sensor height = 23.90 mm
Effective megapixels = 24.50
r = 35.90/23.90 = 1.5
X =  24.50 × 1000000  = 4041
1.5
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 4041 × 1.5 = 6062
Resolution vertical: X = 4041

Sensor resolution = 6062 x 4041

D700 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 36.00 mm
Sensor height = 23.90 mm
Effective megapixels = 12.10
r = 36.00/23.90 = 1.51
X =  12.10 × 1000000  = 2831
1.51
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2831 × 1.51 = 4275
Resolution vertical: X = 2831

Sensor resolution = 4275 x 2831


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


D780 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 43.13 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1
43.13

D700 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 43.21 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1
43.21

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

D780 equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Nikon D780, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Since crop factor for Nikon D780 is 1, the equivalent aperture is aperture.

D700 equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Nikon D700, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Since crop factor for Nikon D700 is 1, the equivalent aperture is aperture.

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