Nikon DL18-50 vs. Nikon D40
Comparison
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| Nikon DL18-50 | Nikon D40 | ||||
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Megapixels
20.80
6.10
Max. image resolution
5584 x 3712
3008 x 2000
Sensor
Sensor type
CMOS
CCD
Sensor size
13.2 x 8.8 mm
23.7 x 15.6 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera.
Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the
sensor, the better the image quality.
Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.
Learn more about sensor sizes »
Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.
Learn more about sensor sizes »
Actual sensor size
Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
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| Nikon DL18-50 | Nikon D40 | |
Surface area:
| 116.16 mm² | vs | 369.72 mm² |
Difference: 253.56 mm² (218%)
D40 sensor is approx. 3.18x bigger than DL18-50 sensor.
Note: You are comparing sensors of very different generations.
There is a gap of 10 years between Nikon DL18-50 (2016) and Nikon D40 (2006).
Ten years is a lot of time in terms
of technology, meaning newer sensors are overall much more
efficient than the older ones.
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.
The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered.
The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.
Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 54.96 µm² (987%)
A pixel on Nikon D40 sensor is approx. 987% bigger than a pixel on Nikon DL18-50.
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one
square cm of the sensor.
Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers,
click here.
Specs
Nikon DL18-50
Nikon D40
Total megapixels
23.27
6.24
Effective megapixels
20.80
6.10
Optical zoom
2.8x
Digital zoom
Yes
No
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100-12800
Auto, 200 - 1600 (plus 3200 with boost)
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
15 cm
Macro focus range
3 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
18 - 50 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f1.8 - f2.8
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
3D Matrix, Centre weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
30 sec
30 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/2000 sec
1/4000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Electronic (optional)
Optical (pentamirror)
White balance presets
7
6
Screen size
3"
2.5"
Screen resolution
1,036,800 dots
230,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
3840x2160 (30p/25p)
Storage types
SD/SDHC/SDXC
Secure Digital
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
EN-EL24 lithium-ion battery
Nikon EN-EL9 Lithium-Ion included
Weight
365 g
522 g
Dimensions
106 x 63 x 57.5 mm
126 x 64 x 94 mm
Year
2016
2006
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Diagonal
Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height
| Diagonal = √ | w² + h² |
Nikon DL18-50 diagonal
w = 13.20 mm
h = 8.80 mm
h = 8.80 mm
| Diagonal = √ | 13.20² + 8.80² | = 15.86 mm |
Nikon D40 diagonal
w = 23.70 mm
h = 15.60 mm
h = 15.60 mm
| Diagonal = √ | 23.70² + 15.60² | = 28.37 mm |
Surface area
Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.
DL18-50 sensor area
Width = 13.20 mm
Height = 8.80 mm
Surface area = 13.20 × 8.80 = 116.16 mm²
Height = 8.80 mm
Surface area = 13.20 × 8.80 = 116.16 mm²
D40 sensor area
Width = 23.70 mm
Height = 15.60 mm
Surface area = 23.70 × 15.60 = 369.72 mm²
Height = 15.60 mm
Surface area = 23.70 × 15.60 = 369.72 mm²
Pixel pitch
Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the
next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
| Pixel pitch = | sensor width in mm | × 1000 |
| sensor resolution width in pixels |
DL18-50 pixel pitch
Sensor width = 13.20 mm
Sensor resolution width = 5586 pixels
Sensor resolution width = 5586 pixels
| Pixel pitch = | 13.20 | × 1000 | = 2.36 µm |
| 5586 |
D40 pixel pitch
Sensor width = 23.70 mm
Sensor resolution width = 3045 pixels
Sensor resolution width = 3045 pixels
| Pixel pitch = | 23.70 | × 1000 | = 7.78 µm |
| 3045 |
Pixel area
The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²
You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
| Pixel area = | sensor surface area in mm² |
| effective megapixels |
DL18-50 pixel area
Pixel pitch = 2.36 µm
Pixel area = 2.36² = 5.57 µm²
Pixel area = 2.36² = 5.57 µm²
D40 pixel area
Pixel pitch = 7.78 µm
Pixel area = 7.78² = 60.53 µm²
Pixel area = 7.78² = 60.53 µm²
Pixel density
Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
One could also use this formula:
| Pixel density = ( | sensor resolution width in pixels | )² / 1000000 |
| sensor width in cm |
One could also use this formula:
| Pixel density = | effective megapixels × 1000000 | / 10000 |
| sensor surface area in mm² |
DL18-50 pixel density
Sensor resolution width = 5586 pixels
Sensor width = 1.32 cm
Pixel density = (5586 / 1.32)² / 1000000 = 17.91 MP/cm²
Sensor width = 1.32 cm
Pixel density = (5586 / 1.32)² / 1000000 = 17.91 MP/cm²
D40 pixel density
Sensor resolution width = 3045 pixels
Sensor width = 2.37 cm
Pixel density = (3045 / 2.37)² / 1000000 = 1.65 MP/cm²
Sensor width = 2.37 cm
Pixel density = (3045 / 2.37)² / 1000000 = 1.65 MP/cm²
Sensor resolution
Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher
than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications.
Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula.
For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.
1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.
2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:
Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X
1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.
2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
| (X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000 → |
|
Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X
DL18-50 sensor resolution
Sensor width = 13.20 mm
Sensor height = 8.80 mm
Effective megapixels = 20.80
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3724 × 1.5 = 5586
Resolution vertical: X = 3724
Sensor resolution = 5586 x 3724
Sensor height = 8.80 mm
Effective megapixels = 20.80
| r = 13.20/8.80 = 1.5 |
|
Resolution vertical: X = 3724
Sensor resolution = 5586 x 3724
D40 sensor resolution
Sensor width = 23.70 mm
Sensor height = 15.60 mm
Effective megapixels = 6.10
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 2003 × 1.52 = 3045
Resolution vertical: X = 2003
Sensor resolution = 3045 x 2003
Sensor height = 15.60 mm
Effective megapixels = 6.10
| r = 23.70/15.60 = 1.52 |
|
Resolution vertical: X = 2003
Sensor resolution = 3045 x 2003
Crop factor
Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal
of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
| Crop factor = | 43.27 mm |
| sensor diagonal in mm |
DL18-50 crop factor
Sensor diagonal in mm = 15.86 mm
| Crop factor = | 43.27 | = 2.73 |
| 15.86 |
D40 crop factor
Sensor diagonal in mm = 28.37 mm
| Crop factor = | 43.27 | = 1.53 |
| 28.37 |
35 mm equivalent aperture
Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture
with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).
DL18-50 equivalent aperture
Crop factor = 2.73
Aperture = f1.8 - f2.8
35-mm equivalent aperture = (f1.8 - f2.8) × 2.73 = f4.9 - f7.6
Aperture = f1.8 - f2.8
35-mm equivalent aperture = (f1.8 - f2.8) × 2.73 = f4.9 - f7.6
D40 equivalent aperture
Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for
fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for
Nikon D40, take the aperture of the lens
you're using and multiply it with crop factor.
Crop factor for Nikon D40 is 1.53
Crop factor for Nikon D40 is 1.53
More comparisons of Nikon DL18-50:
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