Panasonic Lumix S9 vs. Nikon Zf

Comparison

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Lumix S9 image
vs
Zf image
Panasonic Lumix S9 Nikon Zf
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Megapixels
24.20
24.50
Max. image resolution
6000 x 4000
6048 x 4032

Sensor

Sensor type
CMOS
CMOS
Sensor size
35.6 x 23.8 mm
35.9 x 23.9 mm
Sensor resolution
6026 x 4017
6062 x 4041
Diagonal
42.82 mm
43.13 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1 : 1.01
(ratio)
Panasonic Lumix S9 Nikon Zf
Surface area:
847.28 mm² vs 858.01 mm²
Difference: 10.73 mm² (1%)
Zf sensor is slightly bigger than Lumix S9 sensor (only 1% difference).
Pixel pitch
5.91 µm
5.92 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0.01 µm (0.2%)
Pixel pitch of Zf is approx. 0.2% higher than pixel pitch of Lumix S9.
Pixel area
34.93 µm²
35.05 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 0.12 µm² (0.3%)
A pixel on Nikon Zf sensor is approx. 0.3% bigger than a pixel on Panasonic Lumix S9.
Pixel density
2.87 MP/cm²
2.85 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 0.02 µm (0.7%)
Panasonic Lumix S9 has approx. 0.7% higher pixel density than Nikon Zf.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Panasonic Lumix S9
Nikon Zf
Crop factor
1.01
1
Total megapixels
25.30
25.28
Effective megapixels
24.20
24.50
Optical zoom
Digital zoom
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100-51200 (extends to 50-204800)
Auto, 100-64000 (extends to 50-204800)
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
Macro focus range
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
n/a
n/a
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Highlight-weighted, Spot
Multi, Center-weighted, Highlight-weighted, Average, Spot
Exposure compensation
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
60 sec
900 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/8000 sec
1/8000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
None
Electronic
White balance presets
7
9
Screen size
3"
3.2"
Screen resolution
1,840,000 dots
2,100,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
5952x3968 (30p/25p/24p)
3840x2160 (60p/50p/30p/​25p/​24p)
Storage types
SD/SDHC/SDXC (UHS-II)
SD/SDHC/SDXC (UHS-II), microSD/microSDHC/microSDXC (UHS-I)
USB
USB 3.2 (10 GBit/sec)
USB 3.0 (5 GBit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
DMW-BLK22 Lithium-Ion battery
EN-EL15c Lithium-Ion battery
Weight
486 g
710 g
Dimensions
126 x 73.9 x 46.7 mm
144 x 103 x 49 mm
Year
2024
2023




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Panasonic Lumix S9 diagonal

w = 35.60 mm
h = 23.80 mm
Diagonal =  35.60² + 23.80²   = 42.82 mm

Nikon Zf diagonal

w = 35.90 mm
h = 23.90 mm
Diagonal =  35.90² + 23.90²   = 43.13 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

Lumix S9 sensor area

Width = 35.60 mm
Height = 23.80 mm

Surface area = 35.60 × 23.80 = 847.28 mm²

Zf sensor area

Width = 35.90 mm
Height = 23.90 mm

Surface area = 35.90 × 23.90 = 858.01 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

Lumix S9 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 35.60 mm
Sensor resolution width = 6026 pixels
Pixel pitch =   35.60  × 1000  = 5.91 µm
6026

Zf pixel pitch

Sensor width = 35.90 mm
Sensor resolution width = 6062 pixels
Pixel pitch =   35.90  × 1000  = 5.92 µm
6062


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

Lumix S9 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 5.91 µm

Pixel area = 5.91² = 34.93 µm²

Zf pixel area

Pixel pitch = 5.92 µm

Pixel area = 5.92² = 35.05 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

Lumix S9 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 6026 pixels
Sensor width = 3.56 cm

Pixel density = (6026 / 3.56)² / 1000000 = 2.87 MP/cm²

Zf pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 6062 pixels
Sensor width = 3.59 cm

Pixel density = (6062 / 3.59)² / 1000000 = 2.85 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

Lumix S9 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 35.60 mm
Sensor height = 23.80 mm
Effective megapixels = 24.20
r = 35.60/23.80 = 1.5
X =  24.20 × 1000000  = 4017
1.5
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 4017 × 1.5 = 6026
Resolution vertical: X = 4017

Sensor resolution = 6026 x 4017

Zf sensor resolution

Sensor width = 35.90 mm
Sensor height = 23.90 mm
Effective megapixels = 24.50
r = 35.90/23.90 = 1.5
X =  24.50 × 1000000  = 4041
1.5
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 4041 × 1.5 = 6062
Resolution vertical: X = 4041

Sensor resolution = 6062 x 4041


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


Lumix S9 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 42.82 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1.01
42.82

Zf crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 43.13 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1
43.13

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

Lumix S9 equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Panasonic Lumix S9, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Crop factor for Panasonic Lumix S9 is 1.01

Zf equivalent aperture

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Nikon Zf, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Since crop factor for Nikon Zf is 1, the equivalent aperture is aperture.

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