Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX10 IV vs. Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ2500

Comparison

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Cyber-shot DSC-RX10 IV image
vs
Lumix DMC-FZ2500 image
Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX10 IV Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ2500
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Megapixels
20.10
20.10
Max. image resolution
5472 x 3648
5472 x 3648

Sensor

Sensor type
CMOS
CMOS
Sensor size
13.2 x 8.8 mm
13.2 x 8.8 mm
Sensor resolution
5492 x 3661
5492 x 3661
Diagonal
15.86 mm
15.86 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera. Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the sensor, the better the image quality.

Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.

Learn more about sensor sizes »

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
vs
1 : 1
(ratio)
Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX10 IV Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ2500
Surface area:
116.16 mm² vs 116.16 mm²
Difference: 0 mm² (0%)
RX10 IV and FZ2500 sensors are the same size.
Pixel pitch
2.4 µm
2.4 µm
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.

The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Difference: 0 µm (0%)
RX10 IV and FZ2500 have the same pixel pitch.
Pixel area
5.76 µm²
5.76 µm²
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered. The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.

Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 0 µm² (0%)
Sony RX10 IV and Panasonic FZ2500 have the same pixel area.
Pixel density
17.31 MP/cm²
17.31 MP/cm²
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor.

Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Difference: 0 µm (0%)
Sony RX10 IV and Panasonic FZ2500 have the same pixel density.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.



Specs

Sony RX10 IV
Panasonic FZ2500
Crop factor
2.73
2.73
Total megapixels
21.00
20.90
Effective megapixels
20.10
20.10
Optical zoom
25x
20x
Digital zoom
Yes
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100 - 12800 (extends to 64-25600)
Auto, 125-12800 (extends to 80-25600)
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
3 cm
30 cm
Macro focus range
3 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
24 - 600 mm
24 - 480 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f2.4 - f4
f2.8 - f4.5
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.)
f6.6 - f10.9
f7.6 - f12.3
Metering
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Multi, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
30 sec
60 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/2000 sec
1/4000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Electronic
Electronic
White balance presets
9
5
Screen size
3"
3"
Screen resolution
1,440,000 dots
1,040,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
3840x2160 (30p/25p/24p)
4096x2160 (24p)
Storage types
SD/SDHC/SDXC, MS Duo/Pro Duo/Pro-HG Duo
SD/SDHC/SDXC
USB
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
NP-FW50 lithium-ion battery
Lithium-ion battery
Weight
1095 g
966 g
Dimensions
132.5 x 94 x 127.4 mm
137.6 x 101.9 x 134.7 mm
Year
2017
2016




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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height

Sony RX10 IV diagonal

w = 13.20 mm
h = 8.80 mm
Diagonal =  13.20² + 8.80²   = 15.86 mm

Panasonic FZ2500 diagonal

w = 13.20 mm
h = 8.80 mm
Diagonal =  13.20² + 8.80²   = 15.86 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

RX10 IV sensor area

Width = 13.20 mm
Height = 8.80 mm

Surface area = 13.20 × 8.80 = 116.16 mm²

FZ2500 sensor area

Width = 13.20 mm
Height = 8.80 mm

Surface area = 13.20 × 8.80 = 116.16 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

RX10 IV pixel pitch

Sensor width = 13.20 mm
Sensor resolution width = 5492 pixels
Pixel pitch =   13.20  × 1000  = 2.4 µm
5492

FZ2500 pixel pitch

Sensor width = 13.20 mm
Sensor resolution width = 5492 pixels
Pixel pitch =   13.20  × 1000  = 2.4 µm
5492


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

RX10 IV pixel area

Pixel pitch = 2.4 µm

Pixel area = 2.4² = 5.76 µm²

FZ2500 pixel area

Pixel pitch = 2.4 µm

Pixel area = 2.4² = 5.76 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

One could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

RX10 IV pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 5492 pixels
Sensor width = 1.32 cm

Pixel density = (5492 / 1.32)² / 1000000 = 17.31 MP/cm²

FZ2500 pixel density

Sensor resolution width = 5492 pixels
Sensor width = 1.32 cm

Pixel density = (5492 / 1.32)² / 1000000 = 17.31 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

RX10 IV sensor resolution

Sensor width = 13.20 mm
Sensor height = 8.80 mm
Effective megapixels = 20.10
r = 13.20/8.80 = 1.5
X =  20.10 × 1000000  = 3661
1.5
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3661 × 1.5 = 5492
Resolution vertical: X = 3661

Sensor resolution = 5492 x 3661

FZ2500 sensor resolution

Sensor width = 13.20 mm
Sensor height = 8.80 mm
Effective megapixels = 20.10
r = 13.20/8.80 = 1.5
X =  20.10 × 1000000  = 3661
1.5
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3661 × 1.5 = 5492
Resolution vertical: X = 3661

Sensor resolution = 5492 x 3661


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


RX10 IV crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 15.86 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 2.73
15.86

FZ2500 crop factor

Sensor diagonal in mm = 15.86 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 2.73
15.86

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

RX10 IV equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 2.73
Aperture = f2.4 - f4

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.4 - f4) × 2.73 = f6.6 - f10.9

FZ2500 equivalent aperture

Crop factor = 2.73
Aperture = f2.8 - f4.5

35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.8 - f4.5) × 2.73 = f7.6 - f12.3

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