Toshiba PDR M81 vs. Canon EOS 7D Mark II
Comparison
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| Toshiba PDR M81 | Canon EOS 7D Mark II | ||||
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Megapixels
4.20
20.20
Max. image resolution
2400 x 1600
5472 x 3648
Sensor
Sensor type
CCD
CMOS
Sensor size
1/1.8" (~ 7.11 x 5.33 mm)
22.4 x 15 mm
Sensor size comparison
Sensor size is generally a good indicator of the quality of the camera.
Sensors can vary greatly in size. As a general rule, the bigger the
sensor, the better the image quality.
Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.
Learn more about sensor sizes »
Bigger sensors are more effective because they have more surface area to capture light. An important factor when comparing digital cameras is also camera generation. Generally, newer sensors will outperform the older.
Learn more about sensor sizes »
Actual sensor size
Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
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| 1 | : | 8.87 |
| (ratio) | ||
| Toshiba PDR M81 | Canon EOS 7D Mark II | |
Surface area:
| 37.90 mm² | vs | 336.00 mm² |
Difference: 298.1 mm² (787%)
7D Mark II sensor is approx. 8.87x bigger than PDR M81 sensor.
Note: You are comparing sensors of vastly different generations.
There is a gap of 13 years between Toshiba PDR M81 (2001) and
Canon 7D Mark II (2014).
Thirteen years is a huge amount of time,
technology wise, resulting in newer sensor being much more
efficient than the older one.
Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next. It tells you how close the pixels are to each other.
The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
The bigger the pixel pitch, the further apart they are and the bigger each pixel is. Bigger pixels tend to have better signal to noise ratio and greater dynamic range.
Pixel or photosite area affects how much light per pixel can be gathered.
The larger it is the more light can be collected by a single pixel.
Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Larger pixels have the potential to collect more photons, resulting in greater dynamic range, while smaller pixels provide higher resolutions (more detail) for a given sensor size.
Relative pixel sizes:
vs
Pixel area difference: 7.59 µm² (84%)
A pixel on Canon 7D Mark II sensor is approx. 84% bigger than a pixel on Toshiba PDR M81.
Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one
square cm of the sensor.
Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
Higher pixel density means smaller pixels and lower pixel density means larger pixels.
To learn about the accuracy of these numbers,
click here.
Specs
Toshiba PDR M81
Canon 7D Mark II
Total megapixels
20.90
Effective megapixels
20.20
Optical zoom
Yes
Digital zoom
Yes
ISO sensitivity
Auto, 100, 200, 400
Auto, 100-16000 (expandable to 51200)
RAW
Manual focus
Normal focus range
80 cm
Macro focus range
10 cm
Focal length (35mm equiv.)
35 - 98 mm
Aperture priority
Yes
Yes
Max. aperture
f2.9 - f4.8
Metering
Matrix, Spot
Evaluative, Partial, Center-weighted, Spot
Exposure compensation
±2 EV (in 1/2 EV steps)
±5 EV (in 1/3 EV, 1/2 EV steps)
Shutter priority
Yes
Yes
Min. shutter speed
15 sec
30 sec
Max. shutter speed
1/1000 sec
1/8000 sec
Built-in flash
External flash
Viewfinder
Optical
Optical (pentaprism)
White balance presets
6
8
Screen size
1.5"
3"
Screen resolution
120,000 dots
1,040,000 dots
Video capture
Max. video resolution
1920x1080 (60p/50p/30p/25p/24p)
Storage types
SmartMedia
SD/SDHC/SDXC/Type I CompactFlash
USB
USB 1.1
USB 3.0 (5 GBit/sec)
HDMI
Wireless
GPS
Battery
4x AA
Battery Pack LP-E6N (or LP-E6)
Weight
340 g
910 g
Dimensions
107 x 71 x 47 mm
148.6 x 112.4 x 78.2 mm
Year
2001
2014
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Diagonal
Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height
| Diagonal = √ | w² + h² |
Toshiba PDR M81 diagonal
The diagonal of PDR M81 sensor is not 1/1.8 or 0.56" (14.1 mm) as you might expect, but approximately two thirds of
that value - 8.89 mm. If you want to know why, see
sensor sizes.
w = 7.11 mm
h = 5.33 mm
w = 7.11 mm
h = 5.33 mm
| Diagonal = √ | 7.11² + 5.33² | = 8.89 mm |
Canon 7D Mark II diagonal
w = 22.40 mm
h = 15.00 mm
h = 15.00 mm
| Diagonal = √ | 22.40² + 15.00² | = 26.96 mm |
Surface area
Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.
PDR M81 sensor area
Width = 7.11 mm
Height = 5.33 mm
Surface area = 7.11 × 5.33 = 37.90 mm²
Height = 5.33 mm
Surface area = 7.11 × 5.33 = 37.90 mm²
7D Mark II sensor area
Width = 22.40 mm
Height = 15.00 mm
Surface area = 22.40 × 15.00 = 336.00 mm²
Height = 15.00 mm
Surface area = 22.40 × 15.00 = 336.00 mm²
Pixel pitch
Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the
next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
| Pixel pitch = | sensor width in mm | × 1000 |
| sensor resolution width in pixels |
PDR M81 pixel pitch
Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor resolution width = 2363 pixels
Sensor resolution width = 2363 pixels
| Pixel pitch = | 7.11 | × 1000 | = 3.01 µm |
| 2363 |
7D Mark II pixel pitch
Sensor width = 22.40 mm
Sensor resolution width = 5486 pixels
Sensor resolution width = 5486 pixels
| Pixel pitch = | 22.40 | × 1000 | = 4.08 µm |
| 5486 |
Pixel area
The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²
You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
| Pixel area = | sensor surface area in mm² |
| effective megapixels |
PDR M81 pixel area
Pixel pitch = 3.01 µm
Pixel area = 3.01² = 9.06 µm²
Pixel area = 3.01² = 9.06 µm²
7D Mark II pixel area
Pixel pitch = 4.08 µm
Pixel area = 4.08² = 16.65 µm²
Pixel area = 4.08² = 16.65 µm²
Pixel density
Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
One could also use this formula:
| Pixel density = ( | sensor resolution width in pixels | )² / 1000000 |
| sensor width in cm |
One could also use this formula:
| Pixel density = | effective megapixels × 1000000 | / 10000 |
| sensor surface area in mm² |
PDR M81 pixel density
Sensor resolution width = 2363 pixels
Sensor width = 0.711 cm
Pixel density = (2363 / 0.711)² / 1000000 = 11.05 MP/cm²
Sensor width = 0.711 cm
Pixel density = (2363 / 0.711)² / 1000000 = 11.05 MP/cm²
7D Mark II pixel density
Sensor resolution width = 5486 pixels
Sensor width = 2.24 cm
Pixel density = (5486 / 2.24)² / 1000000 = 6 MP/cm²
Sensor width = 2.24 cm
Pixel density = (5486 / 2.24)² / 1000000 = 6 MP/cm²
Sensor resolution
Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher
than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications.
Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula.
For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.
1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.
2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:
Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X
1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.
2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
| (X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000 → |
|
Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X
PDR M81 sensor resolution
Sensor width = 7.11 mm
Sensor height = 5.33 mm
Effective megapixels = 4.20
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 1777 × 1.33 = 2363
Resolution vertical: X = 1777
Sensor resolution = 2363 x 1777
Sensor height = 5.33 mm
Effective megapixels = 4.20
| r = 7.11/5.33 = 1.33 |
|
Resolution vertical: X = 1777
Sensor resolution = 2363 x 1777
7D Mark II sensor resolution
Sensor width = 22.40 mm
Sensor height = 15.00 mm
Effective megapixels = 20.20
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 3682 × 1.49 = 5486
Resolution vertical: X = 3682
Sensor resolution = 5486 x 3682
Sensor height = 15.00 mm
Effective megapixels = 20.20
| r = 22.40/15.00 = 1.49 |
|
Resolution vertical: X = 3682
Sensor resolution = 5486 x 3682
Crop factor
Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal
of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
| Crop factor = | 43.27 mm |
| sensor diagonal in mm |
PDR M81 crop factor
Sensor diagonal in mm = 8.89 mm
| Crop factor = | 43.27 | = 4.87 |
| 8.89 |
7D Mark II crop factor
Sensor diagonal in mm = 26.96 mm
| Crop factor = | 43.27 | = 1.6 |
| 26.96 |
35 mm equivalent aperture
Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture
with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).
PDR M81 equivalent aperture
Crop factor = 4.87
Aperture = f2.9 - f4.8
35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.9 - f4.8) × 4.87 = f14.1 - f23.4
Aperture = f2.9 - f4.8
35-mm equivalent aperture = (f2.9 - f4.8) × 4.87 = f14.1 - f23.4
7D Mark II equivalent aperture
Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for
fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for
Canon 7D Mark II, take the aperture of the lens
you're using and multiply it with crop factor.
Crop factor for Canon 7D Mark II is 1.6
Crop factor for Canon 7D Mark II is 1.6
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