Sigma SD10

Specs

Brand: Sigma
Model: SD10
Megapixels: 3.40
Sensor: 20.7 x 13.8 mm
Price: check here »

Sensor info

Sigma SD10 comes with a 20.7 x 13.8 mm Foveon sensor, which has a diagonal of 24.88 mm (0.98") and a surface area of 285.66 mm².
Note: Sigma SD10 uses Foveon X3 sensor, which has 3 layers of photoelements stacked together in 1 pixel location. Traditional CCD/CMOS sensors have 1 pixel for 1 color, whereas Foveon sensor captures all 3 colors (blue, green, and red) at every pixel.
Diagonal
24.88 mm
Surface area
285.7 mm²
Pixel pitch
9.16 µm
Pixel area
83.91 µm²
Pixel density
1.19 MP/cm²
If you want to know about the accuracy of these numbers, click here.

Actual sensor size

Note: Actual size is set to screen → change »
This is the actual size of the SD10 sensor: 20.7 x 13.8 mm
The sensor has a surface area of 285.7 mm². There are approx. 3,400,000 photosites (pixels) on this area. Pixel pitch, which is a measure of the distance between pixels, is 9.16 µm. Pixel pitch tells you the distance from the center of one pixel (photosite) to the center of the next.

Pixel or photosite area is 83.91 µm². The larger the photosite, the more light it can capture and the more information can be recorded.

Pixel density tells you how many million pixels fit or would fit in one square cm of the sensor. Sigma SD10 has a pixel density of 1.19 MP/cm².

These numbers are important in terms of assessing the overall quality of a digital camera. Generally, the bigger (and newer) the sensor, pixel pitch and photosite area, and the smaller the pixel density, the better the camera. If you want to see how SD10 compares to other cameras, click here.



Specifications

Brand: Sigma
Model: SD10
Effective megapixels: 3.40
Total megapixels: 3.40
Sensor size: 20.7 x 13.8 mm
Sensor type: Foveon
Sensor resolution: 2259 x 1506
Max. image resolution: 2268 x 1512 x 3
Crop factor: 1.74
Optical zoom:
Digital zoom: No
ISO: 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600
RAW support:
Manual focus:
Normal focus range:
Macro focus range:
Focal length (35mm equiv.):
Aperture priority: Yes
Max aperture:
Max. aperture (35mm equiv.): n/a
Depth of field: simulate →
Metering: Centre weighted, Evaluative
Exposure Compensation: ±3 EV (in 1/3 EV steps)
Shutter priority: Yes
Min. shutter speed: 30 sec
Max. shutter speed: 1/6000 sec
Built-in flash:
External flash:
Viewfinder: Optical (pentaprism)
White balance presets: 8
Screen size: 1.8"
Screen resolution: 130,000 dots
Video capture:
Storage types: CompactFlash type I, CompactFlash type II, Microdrive
USB: USB 1.0
HDMI:
Wireless:
GPS:
Battery: Lithium-Ion rechargeable battery
Weight: 950 g
Dimensions: 152 x 120 x 79 mm
Year: 2003

Compare SD10 with another camera

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Diagonal

Diagonal is calculated by the use of Pythagorean theorem:
Diagonal =  w² + h²
where w = sensor width and h = sensor height


Sigma SD10 diagonal:

w = 20.70 mm
h = 13.80 mm
Diagonal =  20.70² + 13.80²   = 24.88 mm


Surface area

Surface area is calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a sensor.

Width = 20.70 mm
Height = 13.80 mm

Surface area = 20.70 × 13.80 = 285.66 mm²


Pixel pitch

Pixel pitch is the distance from the center of one pixel to the center of the next measured in micrometers (µm). It can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel pitch =   sensor width in mm  × 1000
sensor resolution width in pixels

Sigma SD10 pixel pitch:

Sensor width = 20.70 mm
Sensor resolution width = 2259 pixels
Pixel pitch =   20.70  × 1000  = 9.16 µm
2259


Pixel area

The area of one pixel can be calculated by simply squaring the pixel pitch:
Pixel area = pixel pitch²

You could also divide sensor surface area with effective megapixels:
Pixel area =   sensor surface area in mm²
effective megapixels

Sigma SD10 pixel area:

Pixel pitch = 9.16 µm

Pixel area = 9.16² = 83.91 µm²


Pixel density

Pixel density can be calculated with the following formula:
Pixel density =  ( sensor resolution width in pixels )² / 1000000
sensor width in cm

You could also use this formula:
Pixel density =   effective megapixels × 1000000  / 10000
sensor surface area in mm²

Sigma SD10 pixel density:

Sensor resolution width = 2259 pixels
Sensor width = 2.07 cm

Pixel density = (2259 / 2.07)² / 1000000 = 1.19 MP/cm²


Sensor resolution

Sensor resolution is calculated from sensor size and effective megapixels. It's slightly higher than maximum (not interpolated) image resolution which is usually stated on camera specifications. Sensor resolution is used in pixel pitch, pixel area, and pixel density formula. For sake of simplicity, we're going to calculate it in 3 stages.

1. First we need to find the ratio between horizontal and vertical length by dividing the former with the latter (aspect ratio). It's usually 1.33 (4:3) or 1.5 (3:2), but not always.

2. With the ratio (r) known we can calculate the X from the formula below, where X is a vertical number of pixels:
(X × r) × X = effective megapixels × 1000000    →   
X =  effective megapixels × 1000000
r
3. To get sensor resolution we then multiply X with the corresponding ratio:

Resolution horizontal: X × r
Resolution vertical: X

Sigma SD10 sensor resolution:

Sensor width = 20.70 mm
Sensor height = 13.80 mm
Effective megapixels = 3.40
r = 20.70/13.80 = 1.5
X =  3.40 × 1000000  = 1506
1.5
Resolution horizontal: X × r = 1506 × 1.5 = 2259
Resolution vertical: X = 1506

Sensor resolution = 2259 x 1506


Crop factor

Crop factor or focal length multiplier is calculated by dividing the diagonal of 35 mm film (43.27 mm) with the diagonal of the sensor.
Crop factor =   43.27 mm
sensor diagonal in mm


Sigma SD10 crop factor:

Sensor diagonal = 24.88 mm
Crop factor =   43.27  = 1.74
24.88

35 mm equivalent aperture

Equivalent aperture (in 135 film terms) is calculated by multiplying lens aperture with crop factor (a.k.a. focal length multiplier).

Sigma SD10 equivalent aperture:

Aperture is a lens characteristic, so it's calculated only for fixed lens cameras. If you want to know the equivalent aperture for Sigma SD10, take the aperture of the lens you're using and multiply it with crop factor.

Crop factor for Sigma SD10 is 1.74


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